Normally, steel sheets are divided into two categories of hot and cold plates, which are recognized based on their production methodology. One type of the cold plates is galvanized sheet, made from cold-rolled steel sheet. It should be noted that galvanized sheet is made from cold-rolled sheet and cold-rolled sheet is also made from black sheet.

Types of galvanized sheets

The classification of galvanized sheets depends on various factors, one of which is the final shape of the manufactured product. Galvanized sheet is produced in two forms, rolls and sheets, each of which has its own dimensions and standards.

The production method of galvanized sheet is also a determining factor for the types of products available, including shadow line sheet, gable sheet, shutter sheet, steel deck, colored sheet, etc.

Each of these products are produced based on peculiar specifications and have different applications.

After galvanization, some ridges appear on the sheet, known as spangles. Based on these spangles, the galvanized sheets are divided into “no spangle, regular spangle, big spangle and small spangle”.

The specification applied by each factory for the production of galvanized sheet provides specific characteristics to the product, based on which we will know various types of galvanized sheet. These specifications are: American standard ASTM A653/A653M and European standard EN 10346 and DSTU EN 10346.

Steel products are usually produced by cold-rolling and hot-rolling methodologies. In cold rolling, the steel section is formed at a low temperature. In the meantime, during hot rolling, the billet is heated to a temperature of 930 degrees Celsius. This makes the product dark and dull in terms of color. As a result, the metal sheet produced by this method is black (Hot Rolled Sheet). This product is also called metal sheet and since it is produced by hot rolling method, it is also known as hot metal sheet in the market.

The production process of black sheet makes it durable and strong. So, it would be suitable for making other steel products.

Compared to other sheets, the production of black sheet is less expensive and its selling price is also lower, although it is of high quality.

Other properties of black sheet include high malleability, mach inability and strength.

According to its standards and features, hot sheet has different applications. Since black sheet is a basic and practical product, it is used to produce all kinds of profiles such as studs, cold-rolled sheet, angle bar, t-beam, Z-bar, frame, etc.

It is also used in various industries such as shipbuilding, marine industries, car manufacturing, agricultural equipment production, oil tankers, military equipment manufacturing, pressure tanks, transportation and road equipment manufacturing as well as aerospace industries.

Color-coated galvanized sheets are metal sheets that are pre-painted and coated with an electrostatic paint coating. This type of sheet is available in many different colors, including red, blue, orange, white, green, silver, purple, pink, etc. and can be produced in thicknesses of 18 microns to 1 mm. Color-coated sheets are produced by adding furnace color coating to galvanized sheet and are resistant to high corrosion and also have good formability. Color-coated sheets are originally produced in the form of rolls (rings or coils). The width of the rolls of color-coated galvanized sheets is usually 100 or 125 cm, which are called short and long sheets in the market.

Types of color-coated sheets

Color-coated sheets are of different types, including shutter, shadow-line, pottery design and genoa. The shape of these sheets could be trapezoidal, sinusoidal, etc.

Shaping or forming service is charged separately or the cost is added to the basic price of the color-coated sheet. The thickness of the paint may vary from 20 to 25 microns on the surface of the color-coated sheets and between 7 and 15 microns on the back of the sheets.

There are different types of sheets on the market, each with different mechanical, chemical and performance characteristics. One of these, called the cold-rolled sheet, is created by the cold rolling process and is ultimately known as cold sheet.

Due to its special technical and mechanical properties, this type of sheet is used in many industries. What makes the cold-rolled sheet so popular among craftsmen is its high elasticity and durability, flexibility, high hammer-ability, polished and uniform product surface.

The cold-rolled sheet is produced at different level, each of which has its own raw materials. The elements used in this product include manganese, phosphorus, carbon and sulfur.

Properties and applications of cold-rolled sheet

This type of sheet has high tensile strength and dimensional accuracy – so it is used in many products that require high accuracy.

In addition, the oiling process makes the sheet resistant to rust and corrosion. Other features of this product include high compressive strength, high surface resistance, glazing ability, movement and wear resistance.

Due to the diversity of their production, cold-rolled sheets are used in various industries such as building construction and elevator cabins, making household appliances such as kitchen hoods, water heaters, sinks, refrigerators, etc., making covers and structures of electrical panels, automobiles, shipbuilding, pressurized tanks, electronic components, furniture, all kinds of metal bars, etc.

Ribbed rebar is among the most widely used long steel profiles and is widely used in various industries. This is a cylindrical and solid product and is produced in different types. Ribbed rebar is usually produced in lengths of 12 meters. It is produced in sizes of 8 to 36 and even 40, but sometimes the sizes are smaller and are produced by a limited number of factories and in a customized manner.

It is mostly used in construction due to its high tensile and stress resistance.

Characteristics and applications of ribbed rebar

The most common use of ribbed rebar is the construction industry. Of course, this product is the basis of some other products used in different parts of the buildings.

Concreting of walls, concreting of floor structures, strengthening the foundation and enhancement of the strength of concrete are among the applications of rebar. However, in general, the main use of ribbed rebar is to reinforce concrete. Since concrete has a low tensile strength and may get cracked by temperature changes, this problem is solved by using ribbed rebar.

Plain bar is essentially unribbed and differs from ribbed rebar in terms of malleability, weld-ability, and appearance.

The info card of the rebar shows its nominal diameter. We have to use their info card to check the analysis data of these rebars. These rebars are very useful in industry and construction. It should be noted that in order to weld normal fasteners, pre-heating conditions must be performed.

Several factors affect the price of the rebar coming from the factory, among which we may mention the proliferation versus stagnation of the housing market, which directly affects demand, hence affecting the price of equipment.